Parkes ministry (1889-1891)

The Parkes ministry (1889–1891) or Fifth Parkes ministry was the 26th ministry of the Colony of New South Wales, and was led by the seventh Premier, the Honourable Sir Henry Parkes, GCMG. It was the fifth and final occasion that Parkes was Premier.[1]

Having served in the New South Wales Legislative Council between 1854 and 1856, Parkes was elected in the first free elections for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly held in 1856, however resigned from Parliament later that year. He served in the Assembly on several occasions, between 1858 and 1870, being forced to resign on at least one occasion due to his personal insolvency. He came to power as Premier on the first occasion in 1872, serving as Premier for a period of three years. However, Parkes lost the confidence of the Assembly following Governor Robinson's decision to release of the bushranger Frank Gardiner led to the defeat of the ministry in 1875.[2]

John Robertson served as Premier between 1875 and 1877, before Robertson was defeated at the 1877 election. Parkes formed his second ministry in a challenging environment where both Parkes and Robertson shared equal representation in the Legislative Assembly and business was sometimes at a standstill.[3] Parkes' second term as Colonial Premier lasted just 147 days, with the Farnell ministry giving both Parkes and Robertson reprieve for 12 months, prior to Parkes and Robertson forming an alliance government in the third Parkes ministry.[1] The retirement of Robertson pitted Parkes against George Dibbs and after the governments of both Dibbs and Sir Patrick Jennings faultered under public debt,[2] Parkes formed his fourth ministry, lasting nearly two years.

Dibbs again formed government, but lasted for less than two months, before Parkes again formed government, where he agitated for the formation of a Commonwealth of Australia against a somewhat hostile New South Wales Colonial government. When the New South Wales Legislative Assembly voted in favour of a motion of no confidence against Parkes, he resigned from Parliament in October 1891.[2][3]

There was no party system in New South Wales politics until 1887.[4] Under the constitution, ministers were required to resign to recontest their seats in a by-election when appointed.[5] In the table below, these by-elections are only noted when the minister was defeated; in general, he was elected unopposed.

This ministry covers the period from 8 March 1889 until 22 October 1891.[1]

Composition of ministry

Portfolio Minister Party Term commence Term end Term of office
Premier
Colonial Secretary
Registrar of Records		 Hon. Sir Henry Parkes GCMG, MLA   Free Trade 8 March 1889 22 October 1891 &100000000000000020000002 years, &10000000000000227000000227 days
Colonial Treasurer
Collector of Internal Revenue		 Hon. William McMillan MLA   Free Trade 27 July 1891 &100000000000000020000002 years, &10000000000000141000000141 days
Hon. Bruce Smith MLA   Free Trade 14 August 1891 22 October 1891 68 days
Attorney-General Hon. George Simpson QC, MLC   Free Trade 8 March 1889 &100000000000000020000002 years, &10000000000000227000000227 days
Secretary for Lands Hon. James Brunker MLA   Free Trade
Secretary for Public Works Hon. Bruce Smith MLA   Free Trade 13 August 1891 &100000000000000020000002 years, &10000000000000158000000158 days
Hon. James Young MLA   Free Trade 14 August 1891 22 October 1891 68 days
Minister of Justice Hon. Albert Gould MLA   Free Trade 8 March 1889 &100000000000000020000002 years, &10000000000000227000000227 days
Minister of Public Instruction Hon. Joseph Carruthers MLA   Free Trade
Secretary for Mines Hon. Sydney Smith MLA   Free Trade
Secretary for Agriculture   28 February 1890 &100000000000000020000002 years, &10000000000000235000000235 days
Postmaster-General Hon. Daniel O'Connor MLA   Free Trade 8 March 1889 22 October 1891 &100000000000000020000002 years, &10000000000000227000000227 days
Representative of the Government in Legislative Council Hon. William Suttor, Jnr MLC   Free Trade
Vice-President of the Executive Council   30 April 1889 &100000000000000020000002 years, &10000000000000174000000174 days

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Former Members - Chronological List of Ministries 1856 to 2009 (requires download)" (Excel spreadsheet). Project for the Sesquicentenary of Responsible Government in NSW. Parliament of New South Wales. http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/web/common.nsf/key/Archives_MemberPage. Retrieved 17 July 2011. 
  2. ^ a b c Martin, A. W.. "Parkes, Sir Henry (1815–96)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A050455b.htm. Retrieved 17 July 2011. 
  3. ^ a b Serle, Percival. "Sir Henry Parkes (1816–1896)". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Project Gutenberg Australia. http://gutenberg.net.au/dictbiog/0-dict-biogP-Q.html#parkes1. Retrieved 17 July 2011. 
  4. ^ Green, Antony (20 October 2010). "Centenary of the First NSW Labor Government". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/60JLSTz09. 
  5. ^ "1904 Redistribution". Atlas of New South Wales (Government of New South Wales). Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/60JN318sp. 
Preceded by
Dibbs ministry (1889)		 Parkes ministry (1889-1891)
1889–1891		 Succeeded by
Dibbs ministry (1891-1894)
New South Wales ministries
Colonial government (1856-1900)
State government (1901-present)
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